【故障解读】云服务器安装高频故障——Tableau Server初始化现error 10

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【2025-11-10】更新，在全新的阿里云服务器中，遇到完全相同的问题，补充解决方案。

【2025-04-22】更新，确认有一个hostname 问题导致的 Error 10错误。

注：可以参考官网帮助文件 https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?id=001472644&type=1

近日，协助台湾地区某伙伴解决某客户的服务器问题，该问题是我之前没有遇到的，特此记录，分享诸君。

1、环境说明

第一次遇到的环境：

• 服务器：虚拟机
• 操作系统：Radhat 8.4
• Tableau Server版本：2021.4.15

第二次遇到的环境：rocky linux 9.5，Tableau Server 2023.3.16

第三次遇到的环境，Rocky Linux 9.6 ，Tableau Server 2024.2.16 （阿里云全新环境） ——2025年11月

2、故障描述：

安装、激活、注册信息等各阶段一切正常，在初始化阶段，提示error 10，关键信息如下：

Unable  to install service in parallel: 

Error:TSM service returned status 10

具体故障描述如下图所示：

[admin@iZuf6c2m0aw5k303z85x7oZ tmp]$ sudo /opt/tableau/tableau_server/packages/scripts.20242.25.1003.1122/initialize-tsm --accepteula
Tableau Server runs best with at least 128 GB memory to run, but found only 62 GB of memory.
See: http://www.tableau.com/products/server/specs
Creating environment file...
Creating directories and setting permissions...
Using '/var/opt/tableau/tableau_server' as the data directory.
Adding user 'admin' to group 'tableau'...
Adding user 'admin' to group 'tsmadmin'...
Added. Note: These group membership changes do not take effect in shells already open. For these to take effect, log out of the shell and log back in.
Starting TSM services...
Operation failed.
An error occurred during installation.
Unable to install services in parallel: 
ERROR: TSM services returned status 10

3、问题分析

但从console的报错无法推测故障原因，进一步查看日志，可以看到报错的细节，核心概括几条：

• 报错前的工作项目是：Installing service appzookeeper in parallel
• 错误的关键细节是，Caused by: java.io.IOException: Cannot run program “/bin/chmod”: error=13, Permission denied

因此，可以推测问题出在用户权限上。

• 安装日志 app-install.log 位于 /var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/logs 中。

• 升级日志 app-upgrade.log 位于 /var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/logs 中

完整的app-install.log日志如下：

2023-02-11 03:51:48.292 +0000 main : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.tabadmin.configuration.builder.BootstrapConfigurationBuilder - System processor count = 8
2023-02-11 03:51:48.292 +0000 main : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.tabadmin.configuration.builder.BootstrapConfigurationBuilder - System memory = 127185MB
2023-02-11 03:51:48.292 +0000 main : INFO  com.tableausoftware.installer.UserSettingsManager - features.SecureSecretStorage is true in cluster config
2023-02-11 03:51:48.388 +0000 main : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.installer.CryptoConfigManager - Copying from /var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/crypto/keystores/tableauserver.jks to /var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/config/clientfileservice_0.20214.23.0112.0350/tabsvc/keystores/tableauserver.jks
2023-02-11 03:51:48.390 +0000 main : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.installer.CryptoConfigManager - Copying from /var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/crypto/keystores/tableauserver.tks to /var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/config/clientfileservice_0.20214.23.0112.0350/tabsvc/keystores/tableauserver.tks
2023-02-11 03:51:48.579 +0000 main : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.installer.CryptoConfigManager - Cluster crypto key already exists in service keystore, nothing to do.
2023-02-11 03:51:48.580 +0000 main : INFO  com.tableausoftware.installer.UserSettingsManager - features.ParameterizedConfigOverrides is true in features.yml
2023-02-11 03:51:48.580 +0000 main : WARN  com.tableausoftware.tabadmin.configuration.overrides.ConfigOverrideParameter - Not adding role override since role is not set for host.
2023-02-11 03:51:48.581 +0000 main : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.tabadmin.configuration.CryptoProviderFactory - Reading config settings from /var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/services/clientfileservice_0.20214.23.0112.0350/templates/features.yml.
2023-02-11 03:51:48.586 +0000 main : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.tabadmin.configuration.FreemarkerProcessor - Reading freemarker yml template: /var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/services/clientfileservice_0.20214.23.0112.0350/templates/config-defaults.yml.ftl
2023-02-11 03:51:48.698 +0000 main : INFO  com.tableausoftware.installer.operations.AbstractBootstrapConfig - Successfully wrote user config yml to /var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/config/clientfileservice_0.20214.23.0112.0350/tabsvc.yml, feature flag features.SecureSecretStorage = true
2023-02-11 03:51:48.698 +0000 main : INFO  com.tableausoftware.installer.InstallerMain - Running operation RegisterServicesWithStateSinkOperation
2023-02-11 03:51:48.699 +0000 main : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.tabadmin.agent.state.ServiceStateFileSinkBase - Creating new services state
2023-02-11 03:51:48.728 +0000 main : INFO  com.tableausoftware.installer.InstallerMain - Running operation InstallServiceOperation
2023-02-11 03:51:48.730 +0000 pool-4-thread-1 : INFO  com.tableausoftware.installer.operations.InstallServiceOperation - Installing service appzookeeper in parallel
2023-02-11 03:51:48.730 +0000 pool-4-thread-1 : INFO  com.tableausoftware.service.deploy.ServiceConstructor - Installing service appzookeeper_0.20214.23.0112.0350
2023-02-11 03:51:48.733 +0000 pool-4-thread-1 : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.exec.TabProcessRunner - Executing command "[/var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/services/appzookeeper_0.20214.23.0112.0350/appzookeeper/control-appzookeeper, install]"
2023-02-11 03:51:48.736 +0000 Thread-0 : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.exec.TabProcessRunner - Starting to process output from command "[/var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/services/appzookeeper_0.20214.23.0112.0350/appzookeeper/control-appzookeeper, install]"
2023-02-11 03:51:48.736 +0000 pool-4-thread-1 : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.exec.TabProcessRunner - Waiting for process from command "[/var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/services/appzookeeper_0.20214.23.0112.0350/appzookeeper/control-appzookeeper, install]" to finish for 650 SECONDS
2023-02-11 03:51:51.630 +0000 Thread-0 : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.exec.TabProcessRunner - Finished processing output from command "[/var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/services/appzookeeper_0.20214.23.0112.0350/appzookeeper/control-appzookeeper, install]"
2023-02-11 03:51:51.631 +0000 pool-4-thread-1 : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.exec.TabProcessRunner - Waiting for line processing thread from command "[/var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/services/appzookeeper_0.20214.23.0112.0350/appzookeeper/control-appzookeeper, install]" to finish...
2023-02-11 03:51:51.631 +0000 pool-4-thread-1 : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.service.deploy.ServiceConstructor - Caused by: java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "/bin/chmod": error=13, Permission denied
	at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:1128) ~[?:?]
	at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:1071) ~[?:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.exec.TabProcessRunner.executeAsync(TabProcessRunner.java:332) ~[exec-utils-20214.0.10.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.exec.TabProcessRunner.execute(TabProcessRunner.java:300) ~[exec-utils-20214.0.10.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.exec.TabProcessRunner.execute(TabProcessRunner.java:287) ~[exec-utils-20214.0.10.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.tabadmin.security.linux.LinuxFilePermissions.chmodRecursively(LinuxFilePermissions.java:89) ~[tab-tabadmin-security-linux-latest.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.tabadmin.security.linux.LinuxFilePermissions.applyFilePermissions(LinuxFilePermissions.java:42) ~[tab-tabadmin-security-linux-latest.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.zookeeper.Zookeeper$Commands.install(Zookeeper.java:322) ~[control-appzookeeper.jar:?]
	at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[?:?]
	at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[?:?]
	at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[?:?]
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) ~[?:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.commandline.SwitchCommand$1.run(SwitchCommand.java:174) ~[tab-commandline-jewel-cli-latest.jar:?]
	... 4 more
Caused by: java.io.IOException: error=13, Permission denied

关于权限问题的几个可能性：

1）环境问题

虚拟环境特别容易出现 非固定IP，或者hostname设置错误的问题。固定IP容易设置，hostname错误通常出现在多节点安装时（相互之间通信由于hostname文件而失败）

因此，这两个推测最容易先被证伪。

【2025-04-22更新】 安装环境遇到了问题，最后确认是这个。

注意看如下图，有一个报错是 “UnknownHostException: iZbp135ksu6rjy9gz0m6p1z ””，后面的是主机的地址。

此时，建议检查 hosts 文件，确认是否增加了 主机名称和 IP 的映射。

【2025-11-10 补充】

遇到完全相同的问题，补充日志，方便后期大家查看：

从安装日志中，选择重要的部分如下

[admin@iZuf6c2m0aw5k303z85x7oZ logs]$ tail -150 app-install.log 

2025-11-10 23:07:52.634 +0800 41699 main : INFO  com.tableausoftware.installer.InstallerMain - Running operation BootstrapCFSConfig
2025-11-10 23:07:52.635 +0800 41699 main : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.tabadmin.configuration.builder.BootstrapConfigurationBuilder - System processor count = 8
…………
2025-11-10 23:07:55.118 +0800 41699 install-service-operation-0 : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.service.deploy.ServiceConstructor - [41804] [INFO] 2025-11-10 23:07:52.946 +0800 : Loading configuration from /var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/services/appzookeeper_0.20242.25.1003.1122/appzookeeper/control-appzookeeper.runjavaservice.json
[41804] [INFO] 2025-11-10 23:07:52.947 +0800 : Configuration file does not exist, skipping: /var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/services/appzookeeper_0.20242.25.1003.1122/config/control-appzookeeper.runjavaservice.json
[41804] [INFO] 2025-11-10 23:07:52.947 +0800 : Loading manifest from /var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/services/appzookeeper_0.20242.25.1003.1122/appzookeeper/control-appzookeeper.jar
[41804] [INFO] 2025-11-10 23:07:52.947 +0800 : Not starting malloc_trim thread
[41804] [INFO] 2025-11-10 23:07:52.948 +0800 : Loading JVM library /var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/services/appzookeeper_0.20242.25.1003.1122/repository/jre/lib/server/libjvm.so
[41804] [INFO] 2025-11-10 23:07:53.016 +0800 : Java class name: com.tableausoftware.zookeeper.Zookeeper; Method name: main; Arguments: install
	ERROR com.tableausoftware.zookeeper.Zookeeper - Exception while configuring process.
java.lang.RuntimeException: java.net.UnknownHostException: izuf6c2m0aw5k303z85x7oz: Name or service not known
	at com.tableausoftware.tabadmin.configuration.PortConfigurationExtractor.getWorkerN(PortConfigurationExtractor.java:120) ~[tab-tabadmin-servicestate-latest.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.zookeeper.ZookeeperConnectionInfoResolver.resolvePorts(ZookeeperConnectionInfoResolver.java:138) ~[control-appzookeeper.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.zookeeper.Zookeeper$Commands.generateZookeeperSpecificConfigurationFiles(Zookeeper.java:272) ~[control-appzookeeper.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.zookeeper.Zookeeper$Commands.lambda$configureImpl$2(Zookeeper.java:448) ~[control-appzookeeper.jar:?]
	at net.jodah.failsafe.SyncFailsafe.call(SyncFailsafe.java:145) ~[failsafe-1.1.1.jar:1.1.1]
	at net.jodah.failsafe.SyncFailsafe.get(SyncFailsafe.java:56) ~[failsafe-1.1.1.jar:1.1.1]
	at com.tableausoftware.zookeeper.Zookeeper$Commands.configureImpl(Zookeeper.java:429) ~[control-appzookeeper.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.zookeeper.Zookeeper$Commands.install(Zookeeper.java:335) ~[control-appzookeeper.jar:?]
	at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[?:?]
	at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[?:?]
	at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[?:?]
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) ~[?:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.commandline.SwitchCommand$1.run(SwitchCommand.java:174) ~[tab-commandline-jewel-cli-latest.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.commandline.SimpleCommand.execute(SimpleCommand.java:47) ~[tab-commandline-jewel-cli-latest.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.commandline.SwitchCommand.execute(SwitchCommand.java:129) ~[tab-commandline-jewel-cli-latest.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.zookeeper.Zookeeper.execute(Zookeeper.java:187) ~[control-appzookeeper.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.zookeeper.Zookeeper.main(Zookeeper.java:215) ~[control-appzookeeper.jar:?]
Caused by: java.net.UnknownHostException: izuf6c2m0aw5k303z85x7oz: Name or service not known
	at java.net.Inet6AddressImpl.lookupAllHostAddr(Native Method) ~[?:?]
	at java.net.InetAddress$PlatformNameService.lookupAllHostAddr(InetAddress.java:930) ~[?:?]
	at java.net.InetAddress.getAddressesFromNameService(InetAddress.java:1543) ~[?:?]
	at java.net.InetAddress$NameServiceAddresses.get(InetAddress.java:848) ~[?:?]
	at java.net.InetAddress.getAllByName0(InetAddress.java:1533) ~[?:?]
	at java.net.InetAddress.getAllByName(InetAddress.java:1386) ~[?:?]
	at java.net.InetAddress.getAllByName(InetAddress.java:1307) ~[?:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.tabadmin.configuration.PortConfigurationExtractor.getWorkerN(PortConfigurationExtractor.java:118) ~[tab-tabadmin-servicestate-latest.jar:?]
	... 16 more

2025-11-10 23:07:55.121 +0800 41699 main : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.installer.InstallerMain - Reporting failures to telemetry not implemented in this process.
2025-11-10 23:07:55.123 +0800 41699 main : ERROR com.tableausoftware.installer.InstallerMain - Generic exception raised during installation.
java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to install services in parallel: 
	at com.tableausoftware.installer.operations.InstallServiceOperation.perform(InstallServiceOperation.java:97) ~[tab-installer-latest.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.installer.AbstractOperationRunner.run(AbstractOperationRunner.java:200) ~[app-installer-latest.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.installer.AbstractOperationRunner.runInstance(AbstractOperationRunner.java:110) ~[app-installer-latest.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.installer.AbstractOperationRunner.execute(AbstractOperationRunner.java:90) ~[app-installer-latest.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.installer.InstallerMain.execute(InstallerMain.java:192) ~[app-installer-latest.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.installer.InstallerMain.main(InstallerMain.java:199) ~[app-installer-latest.jar:?]
Caused by: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to install service appzookeeper
	at com.google.common.util.concurrent.AbstractFuture.getDoneValue(AbstractFuture.java:588) ~[guava-31.1-jre.jar:?]
	at com.google.common.util.concurrent.AbstractFuture.get(AbstractFuture.java:547) ~[guava-31.1-jre.jar:?]
	at com.google.common.util.concurrent.AbstractFuture$TrustedFuture.get(AbstractFuture.java:113) ~[guava-31.1-jre.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.installer.operations.InstallServiceOperation.perform(InstallServiceOperation.java:95) ~[tab-installer-latest.jar:?]
	... 5 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to install service appzookeeper
	at com.tableausoftware.installer.operations.InstallServiceOperation.lambda$install$4(InstallServiceOperation.java:109) ~[tab-installer-latest.jar:?]
	at com.google.common.util.concurrent.TrustedListenableFutureTask$TrustedFutureInterruptibleTask.runInterruptibly(TrustedListenableFutureTask.java:131) ~[guava-31.1-jre.jar:?]
	at com.google.common.util.concurrent.InterruptibleTask.run(InterruptibleTask.java:74) ~[guava-31.1-jre.jar:?]
	at com.google.common.util.concurrent.TrustedListenableFutureTask.run(TrustedListenableFutureTask.java:82) ~[guava-31.1-jre.jar:?]
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128) ~[?:?]
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628) ~[?:?]
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:829) ~[?:?]
Caused by: com.tableausoftware.service.deploy.ControlAppCommandException: Failed to install service appzookeeper_0.20242.25.1003.1122, result code 1. For more details, see the control log in /var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/logs/appzookeeper

之后去看 zookeeper 的日志

[admin@iZuf6c2m0aw5k303z85x7oZ appzookeeper]$ tail -200 control_appzookeeper_node1-0.log 
……
2025-11-10 15:05:44.586 +0000 40952 main : INFO  com.tableausoftware.tabadmin.configuration.builder.AppConfigurationBuilder - Generating workgroup settings: /var/opt/tableau/tableau_server/data/tabsvc/config/appzookeeper_0.20242.25.1003.1122/workgroup.yml
2025-11-10 15:05:44.640 +0000 40952 main : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.zookeeper.ZookeeperConnectionInfoResolver - ZooKeeper hosts found: iZuf6c2m0aw5k303z85x7oZ
2025-11-10 15:05:44.640 +0000 40952 main : DEBUG com.tableausoftware.zookeeper.Zookeeper - Deploying zookeeper to hosts: [izuf6c2m0aw5k303z85x7oz]
2025-11-10 15:05:44.658 +0000 40952 main : INFO  com.tableausoftware.tabadmin.configuration.PortConfigurationExtractor - izuf6c2m0aw5k303z85x7oz is not known as a host, querying alternative aliases.
2025-11-10 15:05:44.659 +0000 40952 main : ERROR com.tableausoftware.zookeeper.Zookeeper - Exception while configuring process.
java.lang.RuntimeException: java.net.UnknownHostException: izuf6c2m0aw5k303z85x7oz: Name or service not known
	at com.tableausoftware.tabadmin.configuration.PortConfigurationExtractor.getWorkerN(PortConfigurationExtractor.java:120) ~[tab-tabadmin-servicestate-latest.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.zookeeper.ZookeeperConnectionInfoResolver.resolvePorts(ZookeeperConnectionInfoResolver.java:138) ~[control-appzookeeper.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.zookeeper.Zookeeper$Commands.generateZookeeperSpecificConfigurationFiles(Zookeeper.java:272) ~[control-appzookeeper.jar:?]
	at com.tableausoftware.zookeeper.Zookeeper$Commands.lambda$configureImpl$2(Zookeeper.java:448) ~[control-appzookeeper.jar:?]

重点是 2025-11-10 15:05:44.658 +0000 40952 main : INFO com.tableausoftware.tabadmin.configuration.PortConfigurationExtractor – izuf6c2m0aw5k303z85x7oz is not known as a host, querying alternative aliases.
服务器无法识别 hostname！

2）管理员中帐号没有权限

个人常用admin帐号安装，admin需要加入sudoer权限，加入wheel组。

没有对应的权限。

[admin@ljbbj home]$ sudo yum install …………
[sudo] admin 的密码：
admin 不在 sudoers 文件中。此事将被报告。
[admin@ljbbj home]$ su 
密码：
[root@ljbbj home]# usermod -aG wheel admin
[root@ljbbj home]# chmod u+w /etc/sudoers

由于之前已经sudo 安装Tableau Server程序，因此排除sudo权限问题。

如果admin帐号没有添加到wheel，通常会在/etc/pam.d/su中出现如下报错信息（参考附近2）：

auth required pam_wheel.so use_uid

本次故障首先排除了安装账号的问题。

3）特权账号的权限问题

Tableau安装过程中自动创建的特权账号tsmadmin和tableau，除非特殊情况，此类账号不应该手动处理。

由于初始化过程中，使用的admin帐号会切换到特权账号完成文件写入、运行，因此一些系统文件的权限限制，会阻碍特权账号的运行。

仔细查看日志文件会发现，有一个非常明显的提示：

Caused by: java.io.IOException: Cannot RUN program “/bin/chmod”: error=13, Permission denied

因此，就需要检查/bin/chmod的默认权限情况（运行权限对应的是x_execute）。

需要调整/bin/chmod的权限为 -rwsr-xr-x，后面是 两个r-x的组合，即群组和其他用户的权限。最常见的755的权限对应的权限分类如下图所示：

本次事故处理由于缺乏客户的真实环境，因此特意在自有的环境中做了模拟。

当手动调整/bin/chmod权限，减去了最后的x权限时，变成了754，此时就会出现出现了上述的错误；而当权限调整为755时，初始化则正常。

---

关联文章：

1、「tableau KB」Initialize Tsm On Tableau Server Linux Fails With Error Code 10

官方此文中介绍了一个极其相似的场景，也是出现了error 10的报错，只是权限问题的路径不同。 /tmp/.tableau_installfnp_lockfile权限问题，导致无法安装许可证进程。

官方的方案如下：

【喜乐君】切换到tmp路径并查看文件权限：
cd /tmp
ls -al

【喜乐君】.tableau_installfnp_lockfile应该对于tableau组和tableau用户有写W和运行R权限；如果权限不足，改为660；如果所属组不对，改为tableau

.tableau_installfnp_lockfile should have group tableau, owner tableau and have permissions -rw-rw—- 

If the permissions are wrong:

 sudo chmod 660 .tableau_installfnp_lockfile

If the owner or group owner is wrong:

sudo chown tableau:tableau .tableau_installfnp_lockfile

Then attempt the tsm-initialize command again.

2、【tableau KB】Authentication error: ‘Incorrect username or password, or username not member of administrative group?’ Using ‘tsm login -u username’

在本文中，提到了一个 tableau没有su权限的问题，因此需要检查/bin/su的默认权限。

• To ensure tableau has su permissions, verify file mode of /bin/su is -rwsr-xr-x.
  • For example, -rwsr-xr-x. 1 root root 30092 Jun 22 2012 /bin/su
• If not, run chmod 4755 /bin/su

-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root       77664 Nov  7 00:29  stty
-rwsr-xr-x. 1 root root       57136 Nov  7 08:24  su
---s--x--x. 1 root root      185304 Feb 15  2024  sudo

作为特权账号，需要具有su的权限从来运行和写入很多文件。

2025-11-10 再次更新